TY - CPAPER TI - WHO BENEFITS FROM OPTIMIZING MATHEMATICALLY PRODUCTIVE STRUGGLE? INITIAL INSIGHTS FROM PROSPECTIVE ELEMENTARY TEACHERS' MATHEMATICAL JUSTIFICATIONS AU - Kamlue, Nitchada AU - Van Zoest, Laura T2 - Proceedings of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Volume 1 PB - Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME) PY - 2026 SP - 1523 EP - 1530 SN - 2790-3648 KW - Productive Struggle KW - Whole-Class Discussion KW - Mathematical Justifications KW - Fractions KW - Understanding UR - https://www.igpme.org/publications/RR_PME49/rr/PME49_RR_343_Kamlue_N/ ER -