International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME)

Proceedings of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education · Volume 1

Support in the Use of the Number Line: a Case Study

Anna Lisa Simon, Florian Schindler, Maike Schindler

University of Cologne

49th Annual Conference of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, PME 2026Helsinki27 July 2026 - 1 August 2026pp. 1371–1378ISSN 2790-36482026Scopus conference code 336559
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Abstract

The number line (NL) is an important tool in mathematics education for developing students’ understanding of numbers, yet its use is often not immediately accessible to students. To date, little is known about how students can be supported in learning to use the NL and how their related learning processes unfold. In this paper, we trace the learning process of Emir, a fourth-grade student with difficulties using the NL. Based on Emir’s verbalizations, eye movements, gestures, and actions, we qualitatively follow his learning process over the course of a school support study, focusing on reference-point use and distance interpretations. We use Emir’s case to showcase the volatile learning process of coming to use the NL and its reference points, and identify prominent challenges and turning points in supporting students’ use of the NL.

Keywords

Number lineSupportLearning processEye tracking

Recommended citation

Simon, A., Schindler, F., & Schindler, M. (2026). Support in the Use of the Number Line: a Case Study. In Krzywacki H., Hähkiöniemi M., Haataja E., Hannula M.S., Hästö P. (Eds.), Proceedings of the International Group for the Psychology of Mathematics Education, Volume 1 (pp. 1371–1378). Psychology of Mathematics Education (PME). ISSN 2790-3648.

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